HLA Moleküllerinin Yapisi, Doku Dagilimlari ve Fonksiyonlari
HLA molekülleri ve onlari kodlayan genler 3 kategori içerisinde bulunur (Class I, Class II ve Class III). Class I ve Class II HLA molekülleri hücre yüzey glikoproteinleridir ve aminoasit benzerligi gösterdigi için immunoglobulin süper ailesinin üyesidir (Bu aile T hücre reseptörleri, immunglobulinler CD4 ve CD8 leri içeren genis bir hücre yüzey molekülleri yelpazesini kapsar) (9). Class I ve Class II molekülleri yapilari, doku dagilimlari ve fonksiyon esaslarina göre ayird edilebilirler. Class I molekülleri, HLA-A, B, ve C olarak, Class II molekülleride HLA-DR, DQ ve DP olarak ayrilirlar. Class III molekülleri klasik Kompleman sisteminin C2,C4 faktörleri ile alternatif yoldaki “Properdin faktör-B” leri içerir (10,11) (Sekil 2).Class III molekülleri çözünebilir degildirler ve Transplantasyon antijenleri olarak rol oynamadiklari gibi, T hücrelerine antijen de tanitmazlar. Kompleman genlerinin, HLA kompleksi içersindeki lokalizasyonu hala açikliga kavusturulamamistir (12,13).
Dr. Tahsin Yakut, MD, PhD, Tibbi Genetik Anabilim Dali, Uludag Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesi, BursaTel: 0 224 442 84 00 /1418, Fax: 0 224 442 88 63, E-mail: [email protected]
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